THE SCIENCE OUR WORK IS BUILT ON
Epigenetic skincare
Your skin does not only follow the instructions you were born with. It responds to how you live. That idea is epigenetics, and it is the reason Skin Diligent exists.
In short. You did not buy an ingredient. You bought a product.
The ingredient named on the front is usually 1% to 5% of what is inside. The rest is preservatives, emulsifiers, humectants and solvents. We call them the invisibles. Your skin meets all of them together.
That matters because of epigenetics, the study of how a cell chooses which of its genes to use. Your DNA is the score. Epigenetics is the conductor, deciding which parts get played and how loudly. A cell takes its cue from everything around it, including from a bottle of skincare, and not just a single ingredient in the bottle.
Skin Diligent defines epigenetic skincare as skincare formulated for the whole environment a skin cell lives in, rather than around one hero ingredient.
How much of a skincare product is the hero ingredient?
Usually 1% to 5%. Sometimes less.
A serum sold for its retinol, its vitamin C or its peptide contains a small amount of that ingredient. Often it has to. Many of them would be uncomfortable on skin at higher doses.
The rest of the bottle is preservatives, emulsifiers, humectants, solvents and the ingredients that give a cream its feel. We call them the invisibles, because everybody dumps them into the tiny ingredients list on the back of the pack.
They are not passengers. They take part in the biological, chemical and physical workings of the skin, whether that was intended or not.
So hero ingredients describe marketing, not biology. Skin does not know which ingredient was on the front.
Most formulation emphasizes the hero and treats the rest as invisible.
Skin Diligent takes a different view. Because the finished product touches the skin, we choose every ingredient that goes in, hero and invisibles, in the order of their impact on skin cells.
That is slower and more expensive. We think it is the difference between a great formula and a product with a good ingredient in it.
What is epigenetic skincare?
Skin Diligent defines epigenetic skincare as skincare formulated for the whole environment a skin cell lives in, rather than around one hero ingredient.
Here is the science behind it.
Your DNA is the score you were born with, and you keep it for life. Epigenetics is the conductor. It decides which parts get played, and how loudly. The score itself is never rewritten.
Small chemical markers sitting on the DNA do the conducting. Cells add them and remove them all the time, in response to what is around them.
Twins show it best. In 2005, researchers compared identical twins of different ages. The young pairs carried almost identical markers. The older pairs did not. Same score, played differently after decades of different lives.
Source: 2009 cohort study published in the British Medical Journal (BMJ). Led by Professor Kaare Christensen. The perceived age study is Christensen K et al., 2009;339:b5262,
Is longevity skincare the same as epigenetic skincare?
They are two ends of one idea. Epigenetics is the science. Longevity is what the science is for.
Anti-aging works on what you can see now. Longevity works on what your skin can still do in 10 years.
Skin Diligent defines longevity skincare as anti-aging plus capacity. Short term results you can see, and the longer term ability of skin cells to keep doing their work.
It is not about skin outlasting a lifetime, though the word invites the thought. It is closer to how doctors talk about healthspan. Not how long a life is, but how much of it is spent in good working order.
Skin cells do a lot of work. They hold water in and irritants out. They renew themselves. They keep the bacteria on the surface in balance. They repair damage. Some of that ability fades with age, and that fading is what aging looks like from the inside.
A product that only does the first half is an anti-aging product. A product that only promises the second half is asking you to take it on faith. Together the two halves are worth much more.
Epigenetics tells us how to formulate. Longevity tells us what we are formulating for.
Does epigenetic skincare work?
No cream has been shown to reverse skin aging. Several brands say otherwise, and here is why they are basing it on a scientific fallacy.
The method is called an epigenetic clock. It reads chemical tags on the DNA at a few hundred chosen places, compares that pattern against a large group of people, and returns an age. A lower number after eight weeks is then presented as age reversal.
Here is what a clock actually is. It was built by finding the tags that track chronological age most reliably across a population. So it is reasonably good at estimating how old someone is, compared with other people. It was never built to measure whether a cell repairs faster, holds its barrier better, or lasts longer. When researchers compared epigenetic age directly against the hallmarks of aging, it tracked some of them and stayed distinct from others.
The readings are also noisy. One team ran the same sample twice through six widely used clocks and the answers came back as much as nine years apart.
So a lower reading tells you that a pattern of chemical tags now resembles the pattern of younger people. It does not tell you the skin is working better.
That is the fallacy. A measurement that follows age is treated as if it were age itself. Presented as age reversal, it is a much larger claim than the measurement can carry.
Epigenetic clocks read methylation at a selected set of sites and estimate an age from the pattern across them (Horvath et al., Aging 2018). They carry technical noise of up to nine years between repeat runs of the same sample across six widely used clocks (Higgins-Chen et al., Nature Aging 2022).
Where Skin Diligent stands
Three things we believe.
epigenetics: A field that continues to evolve
Epigenetics remains one of the fastest-evolving areas of biological research. Scientists continue to uncover new relationships between environmental exposures, cellular signalling, aging processes and gene regulation.
No company can claim to possess all the answers.
What Skin Diligent can claim is a commitment to following the science as it develops and applying that knowledge responsibly to skincare formulation. We study how cosmetic ingredients act on skin cells epigenetically. We have been doing that since 2016, before the word epigenetics appeared on a skincare box.
We have started testing our finished formulas, not only single ingredients, measuring how skin cells respond. That work is ongoing. We will publish more results as they come in.
All of it centers on our CEL™ Complex (patent pending). The question we are studying is how a formula behaves when a cell is under stress. How a cell handles stress is a large part of how skin ages.
For us, epigenetic skincare is not a trend, a marketing claim or a single ingredient.
It is an ongoing effort to formulate according to the best biological understanding available today, while recognising that scientific knowledge will continue to evolve tomorrow.
Ultimately, we believe that healthy skin depends not only on what we add to a formulation, but on the total biological environment we create for the skin cell. That belief continues to guide every product we develop.
How to check any brand, including this one
3 questions do most of the work.
1. Is the claim on the finished product, or on one ingredient? An ingredient in a dish tells you about the ingredient.
2. Was it tested on people, or on cells in a laboratory? Both are useful. Only one of them is about you.
3. Is the claim based on an epigenetic clock? A clock is a population measurement. It is not a reading of how your body or your skin is aging, or reversing aging.
Ask those three of anyone selling you science.
FAQ
Skin Diligent defines epigenetic skincare as skincare formulated for the whole environment a skin cell lives in, rather than around one hero ingredient. You did not buy an ingredient, you bought a product. The ingredient named on the front is usually 1% to 5% of what is inside, and the rest is preservatives, emulsifiers, humectants and solvents, which take part in the workings of the skin whether that was intended or not. A skin cell takes its cue from everything around it, including from a bottle of skincare, and not just a single ingredient in the bottle.
Your DNA is the score you were born with. Epigenetics is the conductor, deciding which parts get played and how loudly. The score itself is never rewritten. Small chemical markers sitting on the DNA do the conducting, and cells add and remove them all the time in response to what is around them.
No cream has been shown to reverse skin aging. The number some brands show is an epigenetic clock reading, which reads chemical tags at a few hundred places on the DNA and compares the pattern against a large group of people. A lower reading means the pattern now resembles the pattern of younger people. It does not mean the skin is working better.
They estimate how old someone appears biologically compared with a population, and they were never built to measure whether cells work better. One team ran the same sample twice through six widely used clocks and the answers came back as much as nine years apart. Epigenetic age also tracks some hallmarks of aging while remaining distinct from others.
They are two ends of one idea. Anti-aging works on what you can see now. Longevity works on what your skin can still do in 10 years. Skin Diligent defines longevity skincare as anti-aging plus capacity, and epigenetics is the science we use to formulate for both.
Usually 1% to 5%, sometimes less. The rest is preservatives, emulsifiers, humectants, solvents and the ingredients that give a cream its feel. We call them the invisibles, and they take part in the biological, chemical and physical workings of the skin whether that was intended or not.
No. The markers sit on the DNA and change which parts get played. The score itself is never rewritten.
Because nothing in a cell works alone. The markers act on each other, and a cell answers everything around it at once. And 100% of a product touches the skin, not the 1% named on the front.
Chemicals that interfere with hormones are recognized in the scientific literature as acting through epigenetic mechanisms. The Endocrine Society lists cosmetics and products containing fragrance among the everyday places they appear. That activity belongs to the mixture, which is why Skin Diligent tests finished formulas rather than ingredients one by one.
Skin Diligent has studied how cosmetic ingredients act on skin cells epigenetically since 2016. Testing has since moved to finished formulas rather than single ingredients, measuring how skin cells respond, and that work is ongoing. Skin Diligent is also the first brand in the world to test every finished formula free of estrogenic and androgenic endocrine disruption.
Ask three things. Is the claim on the finished product, or on one ingredient. Was it tested on people, or on cells in a laboratory. And is the claim based on an epigenetic clock, which is a population measurement rather than a reading of how your own skin is aging.
Sources. Allis CD, Jenuwein T, The molecular hallmarks of epigenetic control, Nature Reviews Genetics 2016;17(8):487-500, DOI 10.1038/nrg.2016.59. Fraga MF, Ballestar E, Paz MF et al., Epigenetic differences arise during the lifetime of monozygotic twins, PNAS 2005;102(30):10604-10609, DOI 10.1073/pnas.0500398102. Christensen K, Thinggaard M, McGue M et al., Perceived age as clinically useful biomarker of ageing: cohort study, BMJ 2009;339:b5262, DOI 10.1136/bmj.b5262, PMID 20008378. Vandiver AR et al., Age and sun exposure-related widespread genomic blocks of hypomethylation in nonmalignant skin, Genome Biology 2015;16:80, DOI 10.1186/s13059-015-0644-y. Krutmann J, Bouloc A, Sore G, Bernard BA, Passeron T, The skin aging exposome, Journal of Dermatological Science 2017;85(3):152-161, PMID 27720464. López-Otín C, Blasco MA, Partridge L, Serrano M, Kroemer G, Hallmarks of aging: an expanding universe, Cell 2023;186(2):243-278, DOI 10.1016/j.cell.2022.11.001. He K et al., Advances in epigenetic therapeutics with focus on solid tumors, Clinical Epigenetics 2021;13:83, DOI 10.1186/s13148-021-01069-7. Dermitzakis I et al., Epigenetics in Skin Homeostasis and Ageing, Epigenomes 2025;9(1):3, DOI 10.3390/epigenomes9010003. Gore AC, Chappell VA, Fenton SE et al., EDC-2: The Endocrine Society's Second Scientific Statement on Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals, Endocrine Reviews 2015;36(6):E1-E150, DOI 10.1210/er.2015-1010. Horvath S et al., Epigenetic clock for skin and blood cells, Aging 2018;10(7):1758-1775, DOI 10.18632/aging.101508. Higgins-Chen AT et al., A computational solution for bolstering reliability of epigenetic clocks, Nature Aging 2022;2(7):644-661, DOI 10.1038/s43587-022-00248-2. Kabacik S, Lowe D, Fransen L et al., The relationship between epigenetic age and the hallmarks of aging in human cells, Nature Aging 2022;2(6):484-493, DOI 10.1038/s43587-022-00220-0.
Written by Tule Park, co-founder, Skin Diligent.
Scientific review by Dr Barbara Brockway, biochemist and cosmetic scientist. Fellow and Past President of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists.
Last reviewed August 2026.
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