The journal hub

Retinol vs retinal, and how to choose

Retinol vs retinal, and how to choose

Retinol against retinal, the question everyone asks. The label is the least interesting part of the story. What a retinoid really is, why tolerability matters...

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Close-up of mature skin around the eye in natural light, showing real texture and fine lines

Menopause, and what it does to skin

Hormones shape skin all through life. But no change is larger, or less understood, than the one that comes with menopause. And most of what...

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Exosomes, the messengers between cells

Exosomes, the messengers between cells

Exosomes are everywhere in skincare conversation, and rarely explained. Here is what they actually are, and how honestly to think about them.

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Retinal, and why we keep it to the evening

Retinal, and why we keep it to the evening

What retinaldehyde is, how it compares to retinol, and how to use it well.

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Hydration is not moisturization

Hydration is not moisturization

Hydrating and moisturizing are used as if they mean one thing. They do not. Once you see the difference, your routine makes more sense.

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Skin Diligent Triple Action Cleanser, Cellular Hydration Serum and Vitamin C Serum-in-Oil standing together, three finished formulas

The other 95%: the cocktail effect in skincare

Why the part of your skincare no one talks about may matter most.

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